Electric hammer.



PATENTED MAR. 2 8, 1905.

L.` PAULER ELECTRIC HAMMER.

APPLICATION FILED SEPT. 22, 1904.

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. INVENTOH WIT/VESSES ATTORNEYS PATENTED MAR. 28, 1905.

L. PAULER.

ELECTRIC HAMMER.

APPLICATION FILED SEPT. 22, 1904.

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ATTORNEYS No. 786,146. PATENTED MAR. 28, 1905. L. PAULERO.

ELECTRIC HAMMER.

APPLICATION FILED SEPT. 22, 1904.

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m/lll W/TNESSES: /VVENTOR Armen/En@ Patented March 28, 1905.

PATENT OEEICE.

LOUIS-PAULERO, OF PETERSBURG, VIRGINIA.

ELECTRIC HAMMER.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 786,146, dated March 28, 1905.

AppliGatiOll iiled September 22, 1904. Serial No. 226,473.

T a/ZZ whom t may concern,.-

Be itknown that I, LoUIs PAULEPoa citizen of the United States, and a resident of Petersburg, in the county of Dinwiddie and State of Virginia, have invented a new and 1mproved Electric Hammer, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact description.

My invention relates to electrically-operated hammers, my more particular object being to produce a comparatively simple hammer easily controlled by the operator and admitting of various degrees of adjustment.

My invention further relates to various details of construction hereinafter described. I do not limit myself, however, to the exact construction shown, as various modifications of this structure may be made without departing' from the spirit of my invention, the scope of which is pointed out in the appended claims.

Reference is to be had to the accompanying' drawings, forming a part of this specification, in which similar characters of reference indicate corresponding parts in all the figures.

Figure l is a side elevation of the hammer of my invention. Fig. 2 is a vertical longitudinal section through the same. Fig. 3 is a fragmentary section showing the cam movements for adjusting the throw of the hammer. Fig. 4t is a fragmentary section somewhat similar to Fig. 3, but showing the hammer as rotated partially upon its axis so as to be seen 'from the opposite side. Fig. 5 is a vertical cross-section upon the line 5 5 of Fig. 2 looking in the direction of the arrow. Fig. 6 is a section upon the line 6 6 of Fig. 2 looking in the direction of the arrow and showing a part of the contact mechanism. Fig. 7 is a detail side elevation of the means for connecting' the electric wires with the contact mechanism shown in Fig. 6. Fig. 8 shows the same parts as exhibited in Fig. 7, but taken from a viewpoint to the left of said figure. Fig. 9 isa detail side elevation of thc barrel containing various working parts. Fig. 10 is a side elevation of the cam for adjusting the throw of the hammer-head. Fig. 11 is a diagrammatic section showing the solenoid-coils for attracting the hammer-head. Fig. 12 is a detail side elevation of one of the binding-posts hereinafter more particularly described. Fig. 13 is a diagram showing the wiring and also showing the commntator mechanism for energizing the same; and Fig. 14 is a somewhat similar diagram, but showing the commutator mechanism viewed as from the opposite side.

The outer casing is shown at 15 and is provided with a centering-guide' 16, provided with vent-holes 17 for allowing the air to pass freely in and out owing to the movements o1 the hammer-head or plunger 23. A chisel 2O is provided with a head 18, adapted to be encircled by the centering-guide 16 in order that the chisel may be driven. This outer casing 15 is provided with a threaded end 19 in order to hold the centering-guide 16 securely in position. Two solenoids 21 22 in alinement with each other are provided and so arranged as to encircle the plunger or hammer-head 23, which is of ,iron and is acted upon magnetically thereby. This plunger is provided with a facing 241, of non-magnetic material, such as brass or copper, this part being rigidly secured upon the plunger, preferably by the sweating process, and being practically an integral part thereof. Mounted upon this non-magnetic face isa plug 24C, of hardened steel, which forms the striking-face of the plunger 23. An adjListing-plunger 25 is provided with a stout coil-spring 26, secured thereupon and facing the plunger Mounted adjacent to the adjusting-plunger 25 and adapted to press thereupon is another spiral spring 27, as will be understood from Fig. 2.

Mounted within the solenoids 2 1 22 and forming an inner casing therefor is a tube 28, which also serves asa slideway for the plnn ger 23. The two solenoids are separated by means of an annular partition 29, of insulating inaterial. A cylinder is revoluhly litted by a joint 151L upon the outer casing 15 and is provided with an annular head 31, this head having wrench-holes 32, whereby it may be turned by aid of a wrench, if necessary, and secured, by means of pins 33, to the cylinder 30. Mounted within the cylinder 30 and concentric thercto is acam-cylinder 34, provided with a threaded portion 34S and with a camgroove 35. This cam-cylinder being connected rigidly with the head 31 is to all intents and purposes'a part of the cylinder 30, the three parts virtually constituting a revoluble IOO cap. A thin band 34, of insulating material, is mounted upon the extreme inner end of the cylinder 34. A pin 36 is mounted rigidly upon the adjusting-plunger 25 and projects through the camgroove 35, as will be understood from Fig. 2. The outer casing 15 is also provided with a screw-cap 37 and with an annular partition 38, of insulating material, secured to the screw-cap by means of screws 39. Mounted within the serew-cap 37 and iixed relatively to the outer casing' 15 is a sleeve 40, of metal, provided with a longitudinal slot 40 parallel with the axis of the hammer and with three passages 40S for the wires 70,4 74, and 75. A copper band 41 is mounted upon the thin band 34", of insulating material, and is thus supported by the cam-cylinder 34. The sleeve 40 is provided with a thread 43 and with a comparatively thin portion 40, having' a thread 40h cut thereupon, as indicated in Fig. 9. Revolubly mounted upon the'thread 43" is a threaded nut 42, which being' once secured in position by the screw 43 serves as a limiting-stop 'for the head 31, so as to prevent the revoluble cylinder 30 Vfrom moving endwise, as will be understood from Fig'. 2. The thin portion 4()U of the sleeve 40 is provided with air-holes 44 to permit the ingress and egress of air during the workin g of the hammer. A cap 45 is threaded internally and screwed upon the thread 40 of the portion 40C.

1n the portion 40, as indicated in Fig. 9, is a partition 46, of insulating material, and mounted upon this partition are spring contact members 47, 48, and 49, spaced apart, as indicated, the spring contact member 47 being' provided with a notch 50. A boss 51 isniounted upon a contact member 52, and this con` tact member, together with the contact members 53 and 54, is mounted upon a triangular block 55, of insulating material, as indicated in Figs. 7 and 8. This block 55 and the contact members carried thereby is mounted upon a disk 56, and adjacent to this disk is a sleeve 57 of the shape indicated more particularly in Fig. 7. Tires 58, 59, and 60 are covered with insulation 61, being thereby formed into a cable.

Mounted upon the partition 38, of insulating material, are bindiiig-posts 62, 63, 64, 66, and 69. A wire connects the binding-post 64 with the binding-post 66. Extending' from the respective binding-posts 66 and 69 are contact-springs 67 68. (Shown to better advantage in Fig. 5.) All of these bindingposts are stationary, for the reason that the partition upon which 'they are mounted has no movement. The copper band 41 being movable along with the cylinders 30 and 34, however, is free to move in either direction in to and out of engagement with the ends of the springs 67 and 68. When thus connected,

the copper band forms a sort of bridge between these springs, thus making' metallic connection from one to the other thereof. A wire 70 passes from the bindingpost 69 through one of the apertures 40S to the spring contact member 47, and the spring' contact members 48 and 49 are similarly connected with the respective binding-posts 63 and 64 by means of wires and 74.

The inner casing 15') is provided with contact members 71, 72, and 73, preferably insulated, as indicated in Fig. 11, these contact members being' respectively connected with the coils 22 and 21 and with the wire 93, which splits and connects with both coils, as indicated in Fig'. 11. Each binding-post 62, 63, and 64 is provided with a spring76, which engag'es some one of the contact members 71, 72, and 73, as will be understood from Figs. 3 and 12.

The parts shown in Fig'. 7 are advanced toward the parts shown in Fig'. 9, the contact members 52, 53, and 54 being' litted into the contact members 47, 48, and 49 in such manner that the boss 51 passes into the notch 50, thereby securing a g'ood metallic contact. rl`he cap 45 is next screwed upon the thread 40", so as to hold the parts securely in position. 1f now the cylinder 30 be grasped by the hand and turned, or by a wrench, so that the cam 34 makes a partial rotation, it is obvious that the adjusting-plungcr 25 is drawn in the one direction or the other along' the axis of the hammer for the reason that the pin 36 can have no motion relatively to the slot 40" except to slide longitudinally, and yet owing to the action of the groove 35 this pin is moved in a longitudinal direction parallel with the axis. The adjusting-plunger 25 can therefore be positioned so as to give the plunger 23 any desired degree of stroke. The spring' 26 cushions the back blows of the plunger, and the spring 27 being preferably under a high initial strain serves to prevent undue stress being' thrownupon the pin 36 or upon any of the supporting' parts.

Referring' to Figs. 13 and 14, a source of electricity is shown at 77 and a wire leading' therefrom at 78. A branch wire 79 leads from this wire to the electric motor 80, and from this electric motora wire 81 leads upward and connects with the wire 59", which is also connected with the source of electricity. The motor 8O is of the ordinary pattern and merely gives a rotary movement to the parts controlled thereby. A wire 82 leads from the wire 78 downward through a spring' 83, and another wire 84 leads downward from the wire 58 to a spring 86. From the wire 60n a wire 85 leads dovf'nwardly to the spring' or brush 87. rlwo metallic contact-bars 89 90 of substantially cylindrical form are connected together by insulation 91 and collectively form, in connection with the brushes 83, 86, and 87, a very efficient type of commutator. By means of g'earing 92 the motor 80 causes the rotation of the commutator and contact bar IOO and reverses the direction of current through the spring 83. This will be understood by comparing Figs. 13 and 14.

l/Vith the parallel connections (shown in Figs. 13 and 111) any number of electric hammers may be connected with a single source of electricity, and the commutator reverses the current simultaneously as to all of the hammers, the movements of which are therefore in unison. The circuit for driving the motor is never reversed and is as follows: source of electricity 77, wire 59, wire 81, motor 80, wire 79, wire 78, back to source of electricity 77.

The two solenoids 21 22 are connected together, as shown in Figs. 13 and 111, and are also connected by the wire 93 with the binding-post 611. The hammer being in action the circuit for the down stroke or thrust of the plunger is as follows: source of electricity 77, wire 59, wire 59, contact members 52 47, wire 70, binding-post 69, spring 68, copper band 11, (which now engages the springs 68 67,) binding-post 66, wire 65, binding-post 64, wire 93, solenoid 21, wire 58, wire 8a, contactspring 86, (s'ee Fig. 13,) contact-bar 89, contact-spring 83, and wire 82, back to battery 77. This throws the plunger downward according to the view shown in Figs. 13 and la. The commutator-bar now turning' a half-revolution or moving into the position indicated in Fig. 14 the circuit is completed for the upstroke of thehammer and is as follows: source of electricity 77, wire 59, wire 59, post 64, wires 93, solenoid 22, wire 60, wire 60, wire 85, spring-contact 87, revoluble contact-bar 90, contact-spring 83, wire 82, wire 78, back to source of electricity 77. This energizes the solenoid 22 and causes the upstroke of the hammer. The cemmutator-bar being now turned the solenoid 21 is again energized. Therefore the process is continuous, the number of strokes in all of the hammers being governed solely by the speed of the commutator, and the stroke of each hammer being adjustable at will by the operator turning the cylinder 30 of that particular hammer. Vhen it is desired to stop the hammer without stopping the commutator,'the operator merely turns the cylinder 30 into the position indicated in Fig. 5, thus breaking contact as between the springs 67 and 68. This being done the current can no longer get across from the wire 59 to the wire 93, (see Figs. 13 and 14,) and is therefore unable to energize either one of the solenoids 21 or 22. Of course, if desirable, the commutator can be given a high speed, so as to reverse the current very rapidly, and as an independent proposition the cylinder 30 may be turned to such a deOree as to give the plunger 23 a comparatively small stroke, so that the action of the hammer may be made exceedingly rapid and the blows struck may be correspondingly light.

I do not limit myself to the particular solenoids 21 and 22 above described, as other magnetic members may sometimes be preferable. Neither do I limit myself to the particular contact mechanism shown and described, nor to the form of commutator employed, nor to any of the precise details shown.

Having thus described my invention, I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent-- 1. In an electric hammer, the combination Aof a movable plunger, electric mechanism for actuating said plunger, an adjusting-plunger disposed adjacent to said first-mentioned plunger for limiting the throw thereof, and means controllable at will for adjusting the position of said adj Listing-plunger.

2. In an electric hammer, the combination of a plunger serving as an armature and as a hammer-head, magnetic mechanism for energizing said plunger, electric mechanism for controlling said magnetic mechanism, an adj Listing-plunger for limiting the throw of said first-mentioned plunger, and means controllable at will for governing the position of said adjusting-plunger.

3. In an electric hammer, the combination of a plunger, a member disposed adjacent to said plunger and movable in the general long'itudinal direction thereof for the purpose of limiting the play of said plunger, and a revoluble cap for adjusting the relative position of said member.

t. In an electric hammer, the combination of a plunger, a solenoid for actuating the same, a casing inclosing said plunger and said solenoid, a member provided with a cushion for limiting the play of said plunger, a revoluble cam connected with said member provided with said cushion, and a revoluble handpiece connected with said cam and provided with a roughened surface affording a grip whereby it may be rotated at will.

5. .ln an electric hammer, the combination of a reciprocating pl unger,an adjustable member disposed adjacent thereto, a spring for cushioning said plunger relatively to said adj ustable member, another spring for pressing upon said adjustable member, and means for tensioning said last-mentioned spring.

6. In an electric hammer, the combination of a magnetic plunger, a solenoid for actuatingl the same, contact mechanism for throwingl said solenoid into and out of action, a casing for containing said plunger, said solenoid and said contact mechanism, and a revoluble handpiece fo r opening' and closing said contact mechanism, said revoluble handpiece being provided with a roughened surface whereby it may be grasped.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

LOUIS PAULERO. Iitnessesz CHARLES HALL DAvIs, CHARLES Rrremu IVALsH.

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